Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by brown or gray-brown patches, primarily on the face. These patches result from the overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. While the exact cause of melasma is not fully understood, factors such as hormonal changes, sun exp
Hyperpigmentation, a common skin condition characterized by dark spots or patches on the skin, can be a persistent cosmetic concern for many individuals[6]. Various treatments are available, and LED (light-emitting diode) face masks have emerged as a popular option[10]. These masks use different wa